Sympathy & Empathy
Sympathy: 1 a : an affinity, association, or relationship between persons or things wherein whatever affects one similarly affects the other b : mutual or parallel susceptibility or a condition brought about by it c : unity or harmony in action or effect
Empathy: 1 : the imaginative projection of a subjective state into an object so that the object appears to be infused with it 2 : the action of understanding, being aware of, being sensitive to, and vicariously experiencing the feelings, thoughts, and experience of another of either the past or present without having the feelings, thoughts, and experience fully communicated in an objectively explicit manner; also : the capacity for this
For any of those tldrers: to empathize is to be able to adopt another person's perspective in order to understand how they come to a particular conclusion or ended up feeling a certain way, while sympathizing involves empathizing and also coming to the same conclusions or feeling the same way.